(2)將兩盤香蕉片放入蒸鍋內(nèi)蒸30分鐘的目的是高溫滅菌,步驟二中迅速操作的目的是( ▲ ),設(shè)置“香蕉片不作處理”的乙盤的目的是( ▲ )。
(3)如果要進(jìn)一步探究“用洗手液洗手是否能使手上的細(xì)菌和真菌大大減少?”,請你增加一個(gè) 實(shí)驗(yàn)組,用于探究這個(gè)問題(簡述補(bǔ)充的內(nèi)容即可):( ▲ ?。?/div>
三、解答題
8. 閱讀題
材料一:
冠狀病毒指自然界中一大類病毒,因包膜上有像花冠樣的突起向四周伸出而得名。冠狀病毒可引起人和動物呼吸系統(tǒng)、消化系統(tǒng)和神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病,患者表現(xiàn)從普通感冒到重癥肺部感染不等,其中包括我們熟知的嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征(SARS)和中東呼吸綜合征(MERS)。
此次武漢出現(xiàn)的是一種人類先前尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的冠狀病毒,我們稱之為新型冠狀病毒,學(xué)名2019-nCoV(官方名字,目前沒有其他名字)。
材料二:
截至1月31日24時(shí),杭州市累計(jì)報(bào)告新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎確診病例98例。其中:余杭區(qū)23例,蕭山區(qū)15例(其中機(jī)場檢疫5例), 西湖區(qū)11例,桐廬縣9例,上城區(qū)、江干區(qū)各8例,拱墅區(qū)6例,下城區(qū)5例,富陽區(qū)、臨安區(qū)各4例,濱江區(qū)3例,錢塘新區(qū)、建德市各1例。目前所有病例均在定點(diǎn)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)接受隔離治療。除現(xiàn)有的9例重癥外,其余病例病情均穩(wěn)定。全市共追蹤到密切接觸者990人,已解除醫(yī)學(xué)觀察或診斷為疑似/確診病例的67人,尚有923人正在接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察。
材料三:
居家如何防護(hù)?
① 少出門:少去人流聚集的地方。
② 免接觸:避免去武漢,避免與武漢來津人員接觸。
③ 戴口罩:出門要正確佩戴口罩。
④ 勤通風(fēng):每天至少通風(fēng)兩次,每次30分鐘。
⑤ 勤洗手:從公共場所返回、咳嗽手捂之后、飯前便后,用洗手液或香皂流水洗手,或者使用含酒精成分的免洗洗手液,20秒以上。
⑥ 勤消毒:桌椅等物每天做好清潔,并定時(shí)消毒。
(1)根據(jù)材料一給冠狀病毒下個(gè)定義。(3分)
(2)請問劃線句運(yùn)用了何種說明方法,有何作用?(4分)
(3)杭州市自2020年2月1日起,每日19:30開始口罩預(yù)約登記,登記后憑借預(yù)約登記在身份證在次日營業(yè)時(shí)間8:00-17:00至指定藥店領(lǐng)取。結(jié)合材料,對杭州市免費(fèi)發(fā)放口罩的措施,你如何看?(6分)
9.甲、乙兩個(gè)藥品倉庫共存藥品45噸,為共同抗擊“冠狀病毒肺炎”,現(xiàn)從甲倉庫調(diào)出庫存藥品的60%,從乙倉庫調(diào)出40%支援疫區(qū)。結(jié)果,乙倉庫所余藥品比甲倉庫所余藥品多3噸,求甲、乙倉庫原來所存藥品分別為多少噸?
10.“一方有難,八方支援”.在抗擊“冠狀病毒肺炎”中,某市組織20輛汽車裝運(yùn)食品、藥品、生活用品三種救災(zāi)物資共100噸到武漢.按計(jì)劃20輛汽車都要裝運(yùn),每輛汽車只能裝運(yùn)同一種救災(zāi)物資且必須裝滿.根據(jù)表中提供的信息,解答下列問題:
(1)若裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)為4輛,求裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛為多少輛?
(2)若裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)為x輛,裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛為y輛,求x與y的關(guān)系式(用x的代數(shù)式表示y)
(3)如果裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)不少于5輛,裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛數(shù)不少于4輛,那么車輛的安排有幾種方案?并寫出每種安排方案及總運(yùn)費(fèi)分別是多少?
11.閱讀理解
Workers run against time to build hospitals
A lot of trucks, earth-moving equipment(設(shè)備) and building work are used(被使用) to build two special hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province, the epicenter of the novel coronavirus outbreak(新型冠狀病毒爆發(fā)的中心).People are seeing how the two hospitals take shape after just a few days of construction(建造).
On January 24, the Wuhan government announced(宣布) it would build a 1,000-bed hospital, named Huoshenshan, or “Fire God Mountain Hospital”, to treat people diagnosed(確診)with the virus. The first building which covers 25,000 square meters, was finished in just 16 hours.
The city also announced to build a 1,500-bed hospital-Leishenshan, or “Thunder God Mountain Hospital”-to help treat more patients.
Huoshenshan is planned to come into operation on Monday and Leishenshan will follow three days later.
As workers rushed to build the hospitals at "Chinese speed", medical professionals and designers said they would make sure that the hospitals were without danger and were reliable(可靠的)for patients, despite the race against time.
1. What are not used to build the two special hospitals?
A.Trucks B.Machines C. Earth D. Paper
2. How many beds does Huoshenshan have?
A.1000 B. 1500 C. 2500 D 3000
3. When will Leishenshan come into operation?
A.Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday
4. Who will be in Huoshenshan and Leishenshan?
A.People with common cold B. People with SARS
C. People with H7N9 D. People with the Novel Coronavirus
5. How are the two hospitals according to medical professionals and designers?
A.Big and clean B. safe and reliable C.safe and dangerous D. big and warm
12. 讀權(quán)威部門1月25日13:36分發(fā)布的疫情地圖,完成下列兩小題。
(1)疫情最為嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域,位于我國的_____
(2)從分布圖可以看出,疫區(qū)主要區(qū)域特點(diǎn)是什么?
13.截至1月25號,西藏是唯一沒有疫情報(bào)告的省區(qū),其主要原因解釋合理的是?
四、寫作
14. 作文題(語文)
金鼠報(bào)佳節(jié),新春迎舊歲,萬家團(tuán)圓的春節(jié)是我們中國人最隆重最盛大最喜慶的節(jié)日,但2020年的我們正走過一個(gè)特別的冬天,我們正經(jīng)歷一場嚴(yán)峻的疫情考驗(yàn),這個(gè)春節(jié)注定會成為難以磨滅的記憶,請你以《______的春節(jié)》為題,寫一篇文章。
要求:
(1)請根據(jù)自己的感受把題目補(bǔ)充完整
(2)除詩歌外,文體不限,不少于600字。
(3)文中不出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名、校名。
15. (英語)書面表達(dá):2020年的寒假是個(gè)不一樣的寒假,全民都在積極抗擊新型冠狀病毒。你是如何度過這個(gè)寒假的呢?請根據(jù)下面的提示,以My life in winter holiday為題,寫一篇70詞左右的短文。
內(nèi)容提示:包括學(xué)習(xí),生活,運(yùn)動以及才藝等方面。
要求:條理清楚,語句通順,語法正確,緊扣主題,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想象力,書寫規(guī)范。
16. 體育:請用圖文并茂的形式,完成以下挑戰(zhàn)(二選一)1.設(shè)計(jì)我的大課間活動,要求有兩項(xiàng)及以上體育運(yùn)動,時(shí)間為30分鐘。2.結(jié)合新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情,設(shè)計(jì)一套適合宅家鍛煉的體育運(yùn)動,時(shí)間為10分鐘以內(nèi)。
17.美術(shù):搜集此次湖北爆發(fā)的新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情,根據(jù)搜集的資料完成美術(shù)練習(xí)(三選一)
1、 選擇春假在家某一天的活動情況,結(jié)合現(xiàn)在的疫情防治,創(chuàng)作一幅繪畫作品(繪畫方式不限)。
2、疫情家庭預(yù)防海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)(根據(jù)找到的疫情防治信息完成)。
3、根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的疫情防治信息,完成一張小報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)。
18.音樂:針對疫情 寫一段相關(guān)歌詞,有能力的同學(xué)可以譜曲。
2019學(xué)年第二學(xué)期八年級知識競賽
一.選擇題
1.閱讀下面語段,在橫線上填入相應(yīng)漢字和拼音。
中國人民是具有偉大團(tuán)結(jié)精神的人民。疫情讓人們在空間上保持距離,卻讓人們在心靈上貼得更近。在這場嚴(yán)(jùn) 斗爭中,醫(yī)務(wù)工作者義無反顧沖鋒在前,防控物資相關(guān)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)及時(shí)復(fù)工、全力保供,人民子弟兵聞令而動、積極支援地方疫情防控,科研人員爭分奪秒、強(qiáng)化攻關(guān),基層群防群治構(gòu)筑嚴(yán)密防線,交通運(yùn)輸、電力保障、市場供應(yīng)等行業(yè)職工履( )職盡責(zé)、攜手共筑堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后(dùn) ,社會各方紛紛捐款捐物……打贏疫情防控阻( )擊戰(zhàn),我們有信心,我們有能力!
A.峻 lǚ 盾 zǔ B.俊 lǔ 遁 jū
C.峻 lǔ 遁 jū D.俊 lǚ 盾 zǔ
2. 為緩解現(xiàn)有醫(yī)療資源不足,進(jìn)一步加大患者救治力度,武漢將參照北京小湯山醫(yī)院模式,在蔡甸區(qū)知音湖武漢職工療養(yǎng)院附近,采用活動板房的形式,建設(shè)一座專門醫(yī)院救治新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎患者。醫(yī)院建筑面積達(dá)2.5萬平方米,如果醫(yī)院的平面圖是一個(gè)正方形,請你估計(jì)醫(yī)院的邊長約為( )
A.500米 B.250米 C.160米 D.50米
3. 2019年12月從武漢開始發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新型肺炎,經(jīng)過醫(yī)學(xué)專家的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這種新型肺炎是由一種新型冠狀病毒引起的。病毒和細(xì)菌結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別是( )
A.病毒沒有遺傳物質(zhì)
B. 病毒沒有蛋白質(zhì)
C. 病毒沒有細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)
D. 病毒可以自主代謝
4. 唐代詩人李白有詩“黃鶴樓中吹玉笛,江城五月落梅花”,詩中“江城”是現(xiàn)今( )的古稱。這個(gè)城市因?yàn)槭装l(fā)新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎而備受關(guān)注。
A.杭州 B.南京 C.武漢 D.鄭州
5. I wonder if it is because I have not been able to be outdoors for so long that I have grown so crazy about _________ to do with nature.
A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
二、填空題
6.從2019年12月到2020年,新型冠狀病毒肆虐多個(gè)地區(qū),確診新型冠狀病毒引起的肺炎病人已超1萬。如果被新型冠狀病毒感染,會出現(xiàn)一系列相關(guān)癥狀,最常見的有發(fā)熱、干咳、乏力,甚至出現(xiàn)呼吸困難等癥狀。
(1)人的正常體溫為37℃,有病人在24小時(shí)內(nèi)體溫都維持在39℃左右,這個(gè)過程中產(chǎn)熱_______散熱(填“>”、“<”或“=”),人體調(diào)節(jié)體溫的神經(jīng)中樞位于___________。
(2)病毒主要分為DNA病毒和RNA病毒,而新型冠狀病毒主要是RNA病毒。已知RNA中主要有碳、氫、氧、氮、磷等元素,請寫出它們的元素符號。碳______、氫______、氧______、氮______、磷______。
(3)當(dāng)年SARS時(shí)期,運(yùn)用了一些激素療法來診治,這種方法還存在爭議,因?yàn)榇髣┝康募に貢?dǎo)致病人出現(xiàn)其他后遺癥。人體內(nèi)激素含量雖然很少,卻對各種生命活動的調(diào)節(jié)至關(guān)重要。當(dāng)人食用葡萄糖后血糖濃度會有上升,但約1小時(shí)后就會明顯下降,主要原因是_________的分泌增加,使得_______________________。
(4)日前,疫情期間轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)患者很多地區(qū)用負(fù)壓式救護(hù)車,即利用技術(shù)手段,使車內(nèi)氣壓_______車外氣壓(填“>”、“<”或“=”),所以空氣在自由流動時(shí)只能由車____流向車____(填“內(nèi)”、“外”),避免交叉感染。
7. (英語)完形填空:通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C 和 D)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)
Medical authorities, scientists, and the global public feel worried as the coronavirus(冠狀病毒) spreads(傳播). From CNN’s senior medical reporter Elizabeth Cohen, here are 1 things to know about the coronavirus:
Is there a cure for the virus? There is no cure right now, and researchers are still 2 to learn more about the virus. 3 researchers have successfully grown the virus in a lab(實(shí)驗(yàn)室), an 4 step to developing a vaccine(疫苗).
5 does the virus spread? The virus is thought to spread from person to person through respiratory droplets(呼吸道分泌物) emitted 6 coughing or sneezing -- but itt travel across a large room.
Is 8 safe to travel? Airlines have 9 flights for some time, and thousands of foreign people in Chinas not only about the lives of wild animals but also humans.
Illegal wildlife trade in a Wuhan seafood wholesale market has opened up a Pandora’s box(潘多拉寶盒), killed 56 people and nearly led a WHO global warning in less than three months.
We should make every effort to prevent and control the plague(疫情). But at the same time, we need to go back to the source of the tragedy and fundamentally break the vicious circle from wildlife to deadly plague.
Because previous(原先的) research shows that the chrysanthemum head bat may be the most likely culprit(罪犯) in Wuhan, which is the same as SARS in 2003. Both of the viruses were transmitted by bat to wild animals and then to human beings.
Previously, it was the Institute of Virology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences that first proved in 2013 that the source of the SARS virus was the chrysanthemum head bat. This kind of bat can be found in Southeast China and Southwest China.
A researcher from the Institute of Virology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences warned in 2018 that "Although SARS has not made a comeback for so many years, in nature; viruses similar to SARS still exist. If we humans do not pay attention to such a potential threat, the next viral infection may come and infect humans through other animals. It is just around the corner."
In less than one year, her words came true.
In fact, the past decade saw an increase in new infectious diseases around the world including the bird flu, Ebola and MERS. These new infectious diseases are all related to animals. And research shows that more than 70 percent of new infectious diseases come from wildlife.
The capture, transportation, trade and slaughter of wild animals all may lead to the plague. What should be blamed are wildlife markets, restaurants and gluttonous individuals, but not bats.
Stupidity is doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting different results.
More serious epidemics will be waiting for us at the next turn if we can't ban the trade of wild animals permanently and comprehensively.
1. Which of the following is not the result of this plague?
A. China nearly received a WHO global warning in less than three months.
B. Many people are dead as a result of the infection.
C. Various measures are taken to find the source of the disease.
D. The chrysanthemum head bats are killed and eaten.
2. What does the underlined word “potential” mean?
A. impossible B. possible C. similar D. natural
3. What should be blamed for the plague?
A. The chrysanthemum head bats
B. The global warming
C. Trading and killing of wildlife
D. The researchers and businessmen
4. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. The 2019-nCov plague in China.
B. The WHO global warning to China.
C. Measures taken to fight against the plague.
D. The need to ban the killing and trading of wildlives.
四、寫作
14.(語文) 作文
“擔(dān)當(dāng)”,在詞典里的意思是“接受并負(fù)起責(zé)任”。擔(dān)當(dāng)是一種態(tài)度,也是一種行動。擔(dān)當(dāng)可以為自己、他人,也可以為國家、民族……在防治新穎冠狀病毒戰(zhàn)役中,鐘南山院士、寫請?jiān)笗尼t(yī)護(hù)人員、除夕夜出發(fā)的解放軍官兵……他們挺身而出,自行擔(dān)當(dāng)起自己那份責(zé)任,令人感動,令人敬佩。
這些逆行者的擔(dān)當(dāng)英姿,使你對“擔(dān)當(dāng)”有著怎樣的體驗(yàn)或感悟,請以"擔(dān)當(dāng)"為題,寫一篇文章。要求:①除詩歌外,文體不限。②全文不少于600字。
15. (英語)書面表達(dá)
2019-ncov疫情正肆虐,作為一名中學(xué)生,請你從自身出發(fā),談?wù)勅绾尾扇〈胧┓婪兑咔椴⒔忉屧?。保護(hù)自己的同時(shí)為社會做出貢獻(xiàn)。至少三點(diǎn)。
(1)居家不外出
(2)外出戴口罩(mask)
(3)…
16. 體育:請用圖文并茂的形式,完成以下挑戰(zhàn)(二選一)1.設(shè)計(jì)我的大課間活動,要求有兩項(xiàng)及以上體育運(yùn)動,時(shí)間為30分鐘。2.結(jié)合新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情,設(shè)計(jì)一套適合宅家鍛煉的體育運(yùn)動,時(shí)間為10分鐘以內(nèi)。
17.美術(shù):搜集此次湖北爆發(fā)的新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情,根據(jù)搜集的資料完成美術(shù)練習(xí)(三選一)
1、 選擇寒假在家某一天的活動情況,結(jié)合現(xiàn)在的疫情防治,創(chuàng)作一幅繪畫作品(繪畫方式不限)。
2、疫情家庭預(yù)防海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)(根據(jù)找到的疫情防治信息完成)。
3、根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的疫情防治信息,完成一張小報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)。
18.音樂:針對疫情 寫一段相關(guān)歌詞,有能力的同學(xué)可以譜曲。
來源:升學(xué)寶